Thursday, May 13, 2010

List of major mammalian organ systems

There are eleven major organ systems found in mammals.

Strobilus of Equisetum.

Mammals such as humans have a variety of organ systems. These specific systems are also widely studied in human anatomy.

  • Circulatory system: pumping and channeling blood to and from the body and lungs with heart, blood and blood vessels.
  • Digestive system: digestion and processing food with salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, intestines, rectum and anus.
  • Endocrine system: communication within the body using hormones made by endocrine glands such as the hypothalamus, pituitary or pituitary gland, pineal body or pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroids and adrenals, i.e., adrenal glands.
  • Excretory system: kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra involved in fluid balance, electrolyte balance and excretion of urine.
  • Integumentary system: skin, hair and nails.
  • Lymphatic system: structures involved in the transfer of lymph between tissues and the blood stream, the lymph and the nodes and vessels that transport it including the Immune system: defending against disease-causing agents with leukocytes, tonsils, adenoids, thymus and spleen.
  • Muscular system: movement with muscles.
  • Nervous system: collecting, transferring and processing information with brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves and nerves.
  • Reproductive system: the sex organs, such as ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands, testes, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and penis.
  • Respiratory system: the organs used for breathing, the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs and diaphragm.
  • Skeletal system: structural support and protection with bones, cartilage, ligaments and tendons

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